Kanlaon Volcano Alert Level Reduced to 2 Due to Decreased Unrest

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs) downgraded the alert status of Kanlaon Volcano from Alert Level 3 to Alert Level 2 on July 29. This decision was based on decreased volcanic activity observed since the volcano's last eruption on May 13.

Phivolcs noted a decline in volcanic earthquakes, with an average of eight events per day since May 14, compared to the previous average of 14 daily events. Most earthquakes occurred along a northwest-southeast axis at depths of up to 15 kilometers.

Although the number of events has decreased, the overall seismic energy output has not significantly dropped, indicating uncertainty in the volcano's behavior. Ash emissions ceased in June, transitioning to quiet steam-dominated degassing at the summit crater.

Sulfur dioxide emissions have also decreased, suggesting various possibilities such as a pause in magma intrusion or depletion of volcanic gas in the shallow reservoir. Ground deformation measurements show low, unsteady inflation of the volcanic edifice since 2022.

Despite the lowered alert level, Phivolcs emphasized that volcanic unrest persists. Communities in the four-kilometer danger zone are advised to remain evacuated due to the ongoing risk of explosive events, pyroclastic density currents, and volcanic gases expulsion.

Local authorities are urged to stay prepared for potential evacuation orders if volcanic activity escalates. Phivolcs also warned of potential lahars and streamflows with sediments during heavy rainfall. Civil aviation authorities should avoid the summit area due to the risk of unexpected ash emissions.

If current trends continue, the alert level may be further reduced to Level 1 after a sufficient observation period.