Study Uncovers Gene Regulatory Roles of Transposon Elements in Human Development

Transposable elements (TEs) are repetitive DNA sequences that originate from ancient viruses and currently make up nearly half of the human genome. Recent research has shown that TEs act as genetic switches, controlling nearby genes in specific cell types. Proper classification and annotation of TEs is crucial for understanding their evolution and impact on the host.

In a study published in Science Advances, researchers from Kyoto University used a phylogenetic approach to uncover the regulatory roles of TEs in human development. The study focused on poorly categorized long terminal repeat (LTR) subfamilies known as MER11A/B/C.

Results revealed the presence of four new subfamilies, with the youngest subfamily, MER11_G4, showing a strong ability to activate gene expression. The authors suggest that ape-specific SOX motifs in MER11 subfamilies may influence the gene regulatory network during development in a lineage-specific manner.

Using epigenetic and functional profiles could be an effective strategy for evaluating alternative methods for TE classification and annotation.

According to the source: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.