Rising Rates of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Young People Cause Concern

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute experts have observed a significant increase in early onset gastrointestinal cancers, affecting younger age groups the most. This rise is not limited to colorectal cancer but includes pancreatic, esophageal, stomach, appendix, biliary, and neuroendocrine tumors.

Between 2010 and 2019, newly diagnosed cases of early onset gastrointestinal cancers rose by 14.8%, with a disproportionate impact on Black, Hispanic, Indigenous, and female individuals.

The rise in early onset colorectal cancer was among the first to be noted, leading to a demographic shift in the disease profile. However, other gastrointestinal cancers are also rapidly increasing in young people, including pancreatic, esophageal, gastric, and rare GI cancers.

The highest count of cases is seen in the 40-49 age group, but the rate of increase is steeper in younger generations. Individuals born in 1990 are at a higher risk of developing colon and rectal cancer compared to those born in 1950.

Factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, processed food consumption, alcohol use, and smoking contribute to the rising rates of early onset gastrointestinal cancers. Lifestyle changes, including quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake, exercising regularly, and avoiding processed foods, are recommended.

Screening for colorectal cancer now starts at age 45 due to the rising early onset cases. Family history plays a crucial role in determining screening eligibility. Symptoms like blood in the stool, acid reflux, and unexplained pain should prompt a visit to a healthcare provider.

Treatment guidelines for early onset gastrointestinal cancers are similar to those for average onset diseases. However, more research is needed to understand potential biological differences and treatment outcomes in younger patients.

Young patients with early onset gastrointestinal cancers have unique concerns, including fertility, financial, and psychosocial issues. The Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Center at Dana-Farber offers tailored support services for these patients.

According to the source: Cancer Health.