Gene Editing Offers Hope for Endangered Species, Study Finds

Gene editing technologies, such as those used in agriculture and de-extinction efforts, can be repurposed to provide a breakthrough approach for restoring genetic variety and rescuing endangered species. The team of conservation geneticists and biotechnologists led by Prof Cock van Oosterhout at the University of East Anglia (UEA) and Dr Stephen Turner from Colossal Biosciences, in collaboration with various organizations, emphasizes the importance of embracing new technological advances alongside traditional conservation approaches.

Conservation successes like captive breeding and habitat protection often fail to replenish lost gene variants, leading to genomic erosion in recovering populations. For instance, the pink pigeon, despite population recovery efforts, faces significant genomic erosion and risks extinction in the next few decades. Genome engineering could help restore lost genetic diversity and enhance adaptation to environmental changes.

The technology, already prevalent in agriculture, offers potential for rescuing endangered species on the brink of extinction. However, caution is advised due to risks like off-target genetic modifications and unintentional reduction in genetic diversity. The authors stress the need for phased trials, long-term monitoring, and engagement with local communities before broader implementation.

Genome editing should complement, not replace, habitat restoration and traditional conservation actions. It is viewed as part of a broader, integrated approach to species protection. The role of genome editing in conservation must be carefully evaluated and implemented alongside established strategies.

According to the source: Tribune India.